بلاد ما وراء النهر. الفتح الإسلامي لما وراء النهر

Svat Soucek, , , 2000, p Quraishi, Silim "A survey of the development of papermaking in Islamic Countries", Bookbinder, 1989 3 : 29—36
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press At the outset, however, those nearby parts of Central Asia with which the Arabs were familiar were often subsumed into the vast and ill-defined province of Khorasan, embracing all lands to the east of , , and " online• Philadelphia, PA: Da Capo Press

Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.

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آسيا الوسطى: قصة الإسلام في بلاد ما وراء النهر
Edmund Bosworth, 2002 , Encyclopaedia Iranica online• The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume V: Khe—Mahi
آسيا الوسطى: قصة الإسلام في بلاد ما وراء النهر
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
آسيا الوسطى: قصة الإسلام في بلاد ما وراء النهر
Philadelphia, PA: Da Capo Press
The region was one of the provinces of the of Persia under the name London: The Royal Asiatic Society
London: The Royal Asiatic Society Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia

Los Angelas: University of California Press.

5
فى بلاد ما وراء النهر
It was defined within the classical world of Iran to distinguish it from proper, especially its northeastern —a term originating with the —although early Arab historians and geographers tended to subsume the region within the loosely defined term designating a much larger territory
تضم بلاد ما وراء نهر جيحون في الوقت الحاضر جمهوريات ... بلاد ما وراء النهر
The area had been known to the ancient Iranians as , a term used in the Persian national epic , and to the Romans as Transoxiana Land beyond the
السبورة: ما هي بلاد ما وراء النهر ؟
Mapping Mongolia: Situating Mongolia in the World from Geologic Time to the Present
The territories of , Sogdiana, , and were located in the southern part of Transoxiana; , , and were located in the northern part
The Arabic term passed into Persian literary usage and stayed on until times Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press

.

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تضم بلاد ما وراء نهر جيحون في الوقت الحاضر جمهوريات ... بلاد ما وراء النهر
بما تشتهر بلاد ما وراء النهر
بما تشتهر بلاد ما وراء النهر