Moreover, many of them provide evidence of embellishment and invention that were introduced to serve the purposes of political or religious apologetic |
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27however, there is no relevant archaeological, epigraphic, or numismatic evidence dating from the time of Muhammad, nor are there any references to him in non-Muslim sources dating from the period before 632 | Kafih Jerusalem, 1984 , ch |
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The Bustan al-Ukul, by Nathanael ibn al-Fayyumi, edited and translated by David Levine, Columbia University Oriental Studies Vol | El-Cheikh, Nadia Maria Byzantium Viewed by the Arabs 2004, Harvard University Press p |
Hitti, History of the Arabs, 10th edition 1970 , p.
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